Theoretical Analysis on Economic Impacts of Universities on Regional Economies
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
69-73
Received:
24 August 2020
Accepted:
5 September 2020
Published:
23 September 2020
Abstract: Policy makers widely recognized that universities have dynamic contribution to individuals, to the regional and national economy and to society as whole. Now a days understanding the economic impacts of universities that convey to the hosted local economy and communities in which they are located is attracting extensive attention in scientific community. This paper tries to analyze the economic impact of universities on regional economies from empirical literatures. Methodologically, the paper used systematic reviewing approach that follows the distinct phases of planning, searching, screening, coding and synthesis. The results of the study found that universities hosted in different region of given country positively and significantly affect private consumption, public spending, investment, employment, urbanization and industrialization, human capital variables and sustained regional economy. Moreover, individuals, firms and local government and economy can be better-off with universities. These institutions also lead the agriculture, industry and service sectors growth of regional economy. Despite this, the result also suggests critical assumptions like quality of public infrastructure, quality of teaching and research, university-industry-community partnership, academic freedom and peace and stability of region determine the level of impact it works. Finally, the study suggests national government should lead efforts towards improving both the regional universities and local economy to promote efficiency and equitable development in the entire economic system of the nation.
Abstract: Policy makers widely recognized that universities have dynamic contribution to individuals, to the regional and national economy and to society as whole. Now a days understanding the economic impacts of universities that convey to the hosted local economy and communities in which they are located is attracting extensive attention in scientific comm...
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Estimating Households’ Maximum Willingness to Pay for Improved Solid Waste Management Services: In Case of Batu Town Administration: Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
74-82
Received:
8 January 2020
Accepted:
26 February 2020
Published:
25 September 2020
Abstract: This study is initiated by the current deep rooted problem of improved solid waste management services supply prevailing in Batu town and its primary objective is to estimate maximum willingness to pay of households’ using contingent valuation method. A total of 229 sampled households were interviewed in person. A single bounded closed ended followed by open-ended format were used to elicit willingness to pay for improved solid waste management services. Of 229 respondents 205 (89.52%) accepted bid values of improved solid waste management services provided to them. The data was analyzed both in descriptive and econometric models. The tobit model was used for empirical analyses. Households’ maximum willingness to pay for one sack of improved solid waste management services was 14.01 birr in open ended format. Households characteristics’ such as sex, income, occupation and education are positively determine the probability of accepting the given bid value of improved solid waste management services. The bid value and age of the respondent negatively affect the maximum willingness to pay for improved solid waste management services in tobit model. The study revealed that households are willing to pay more than of the current rate of 5 birr in average per one sack solid waste collection service. Therefore if the improvement scenario comes to effect in one way it solves the shortage of improved solid waste management services problems in the other way the town’s solid waste management office can collect more revenue from service charge.
Abstract: This study is initiated by the current deep rooted problem of improved solid waste management services supply prevailing in Batu town and its primary objective is to estimate maximum willingness to pay of households’ using contingent valuation method. A total of 229 sampled households were interviewed in person. A single bounded closed ended follow...
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Determinants of Maize Market Supply, Production and Marketing Constraints: The Case of Dembecha District, West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
Desalegn Wondim,
Tewodros Tefera,
Yitna Tesfaye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2020
Pages:
83-89
Received:
22 July 2020
Accepted:
31 August 2020
Published:
7 October 2020
Abstract: West Gojjam is one of the maize belt zones in Ethiopia, and Dembecha district is among the potential districts in West Gojjam zone. However, despite its maize production potential of the district, marketed supply determinants, maize production and marketing constraints hampered producer’s decision and engagement on maize production and marketing. Thus, this study was attempts to address the determinants of marketed supply of maize, constraints and opportunities in Dembecha district in the year 2018. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources using appropriate tools. Primary data were collected from randomly selected 155 maize producers, 20 consumers as well as 40 maize grain traders, 10 alcohol processors using semi-structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regression econometric model were employed for data analysis owing to all respondents were participating in maize production and marketing activities. Results from econometric model revealed that sex of house hold head at 5%, education at 5%, amount of maize produced at 1%, extension contact at 1%, livestock owned at 5%, credit use at 10% and amount of non-farm income at 5% were positively determine maize marketed surplus in Dembecha district. Land shortage, price of improved seed, road and lack of government support were among major maize production and marketing constraints. Existence of strong multipurpose farmer’s cooperatives, using maize for multipurpose in the area and its productivity per hectare were the major opportunities in the study area. Thus, governmental and non-governmental organization that working with relating to maize production and marketing activities in the district should take in to account these determinate factors, constraints and opportunities while preparing intervention strategies.
Abstract: West Gojjam is one of the maize belt zones in Ethiopia, and Dembecha district is among the potential districts in West Gojjam zone. However, despite its maize production potential of the district, marketed supply determinants, maize production and marketing constraints hampered producer’s decision and engagement on maize production and marketing. T...
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